RESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the effects of a standard therapeutic cooling protocol using crushed ice on the elbow to explore if changes in the motor unit (MU) firing rates in the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle are comparable to known changes in sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity (NCV) due to a regional temperature drop around a peripheral nerve. METHODS: Twelve healthy individuals were assessed before cooling, immediately after cooling, and 15 min of rewarming. Assessments included two standard non-invasive nerve conduction velocity tests and a non-invasive investigation of the MU firing rates using surface electromyography decomposition (dEMG). RESULTS: Repeated ANOVAs showed significant differences in the MU firing rates and NCV between time points (p = 0.01 and p < 0.001). All measures showed significant differences between pre and post cooling and between pre-cooling and 15 min of passive re-warming, however, no changes were seen between post cooling and rewarming except in the sensory NCV, which increased but did not return to the pre-cooled state. CONCLUSIONS: This current study showed a significant, temporary, and reversible reduction in ulnar NCV across the elbow in healthy subjects, which was associated with a significant decrease in mean MU firing rates in the FDI muscle.
Assuntos
Articulação do Cotovelo , Cotovelo , Temperatura Baixa , Eletromiografia , Humanos , Condução NervosaRESUMO
A survey was conducted to assess nursing faculty (n=231) knowledge of the Americans With Disabilities Act requirements. Only 21% (n=46) of the participants received a passing score of 78%. While 76% (n=161) knew that students must provide documentation of a disability to receive accommodation, 49% (n=104) did not recognize that an individual faculty member may be held personally liable if he/she fails to provide accommodation. Participants' knowledge of the Act was low and could create barriers to student success.
